With 3-D glasses, explosions, gore, or magical creatures jump off the screen. Most of the technology making 3-D movies work exists inside our skulls. We see the world from two, shifted views, one provided by each eye. Hold a finger in front of your face while covering one eye at a time — the position of your finger jumps. Scientists think that computation occurs in the visual cortex, where individual brain cells seem sensitive to specific distances between the eyes and use those distances to compute depth.
The glasses recreate that triangulation by feeding distinct images to the eyes. They approximate the offsets, depending on how far things are, that your eyes expect in life. With the glasses back on, your brain merges those images to create the perception of depth. The lenses control what each eye sees by filtering the light going to each eye, only letting certain wavelengths pass.
Filmmakers consider how the degree of offset between these images translates to depth inside our brains. By drawing the images on top of each other, viewers will see a flat image on screen the offset between the eyes is zero.
Shifting in the opposite direction pushes the image back. Nowadays, we avoid this problem by using glasses that work with polarization. Light is an electromagnetic wave traveling along a particular plane. Theaters use two forms of polarization for 3-D movies — linear and circular. Digital IMAX theaters use linear polarization. They align two projectors so images line up on the screen. One projector displays images intended for the left eye, and the other for the right, with a polarizing filter in front of each projector.
Light from one projector is polarized in one direction and light from the other is polarized along the perpendicular direction. Your brain merges the images to see depth. Circular polarization avoids this problem.
A device in front of one project flips rapidly between the two forms of circular polarization. This, combined with the glasses, sends images in rapid alternation to the eyes.
What engineers have done to solve the problem of seeing 3D from an image displayed on a TV, movie, or home video projector and screen is to send two slightly different signals that are each targeted to your left or right eye. Where 3D glasses come in is that the left and right lenses see a slightly different image. Your eyes send that information to the brain. As a result, your brain is fooled into creating the perception of a 3D image.
This process isn't perfect, as the information cues using this artificial method aren't as detailed as the cues received in the natural world. However, if done properly, the effect can be convincing. The two parts of a 3D signal that reach your eyes require the use of either Active Shutter or Passive Polarized Glasses to see the result.
When such images are viewed without 3D glasses, you see two overlapping images that look slightly out of focus. Although glasses-required 3D viewing is accepted for a movie theater experience, consumers have never totally accepted that requirement for viewing 3D at home. As a result, there has been a long-running quest to bring glasses-free 3D to consumers. No-glasses 3D viewing is becoming available on some smartphones, tablets, and portable game devices.
To view the 3D effect, you must look at the screen from a specific viewing angle. This isn't a big issue with small display devices. However, when scaled up to large screen TV sizes, implementing glasses-free 3D viewing is difficult and expensive. However, glasses-free 3D TVs are marketed more to the business and institutional community. These are used mostly in digital signage display advertising.
These TVs aren't generally promoted to consumers in the U. These models are available in the inch and inch screen sizes and carry high price tags. These sport 4K resolution four times more pixels than p for 2D images and full p for each eye in 3D mode. While the 3D viewing effect is narrower than viewing 2D on the same screen size set, it is wide enough for two or three people sitting on a couch to see an acceptable 3D result.
TV makers have discontinued glasses-required 3D TVs for consumers. Still, many video projectors offer 3D viewing capability as they are used in both home and professional settings. However, that still requires viewing using glasses. Still, sets are expensive and bulky compared to the 2D counterparts. Also, the use of such sets is more confined to professional, business, and institutional applications.
Research and development partnerships continue. The pan and tilt of each camera can be adjusted separately. This system directly produces high-quality 3D imaging but is only suitable for filming objects or people in a small area. Model-based capture technology using multi-viewpoint robotic cameras. In model-based systems, 3D models are first generated using multi-viewpoint images. The ray information required for the display system is then generated.
Using this technology, large objects in large areas, such as a football stadium, can be captured because the cameras can be placed far from one another. It allows the user to specify the target region for 3D reconstruction with one camera operating as the master. The other slave cameras automatically follow its pan, tilt, zoom, and depth to also focus on the target region.
As a result, a 3D point in space is determined and set as the target region to be reproduced on the 3D display. This 3D capturing system requires more data processing that camera array systems but allows filming to occur in larger areas. In a traditional 3D system, a pair of stereo images are displayed simultaneously. These can then be reconstructed as a 3D image by the human eye using specially designed 3D glasses.
With an integral 3D display method, a 3D video can be produced by displaying the images on a display device and placing a lens array consisting of many small lenses in front of the display device. When multiple integral 3D displays are arranged side by side, a 3D video is divided by the display panel's bezels. To resolve this division and reproduce a larger 3D video, a multi-image combining optical system MICOS is placed in front of the displays.
The MICOS is comprised of a set of convex lenses, each of which magnifies the corresponding lens array plane's image and generates a virtual image to eliminate the bezels' gaps. As a result, a 3D video with an enlarged display size can is created. To put it another way, instead of using a pair of human eyes to create the 3D effect, the display device itself creates a 3D image that you can view without the need for special glasses. The amount of information required to broadcast 3D images is considerably higher than traditional 2D broadcasting, especially on HD TV systems.
And the more cameras you use to capture an image, the more data you need to transit. The long-term goal of spatial imaging broadcasting is to reduce the number of cameras required to capture the 3D image, while making the broadcast and display of the 3D image more efficient. Techniques such as time-division and multiplexing to accommodate a display system with a wide viewing range intended for viewing by multiple people will also need to be developed before 3D spatial imaging becomes commonplace in the home.
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