Cumbria is the second largest county in England with an area of 6, sq km. Cumbria is exceptional in that there are three distinct types of terrain in the county. Carlisle, the only city in Cumbria, once had a Ship Canal This was not a narrow boat canal like the majority of canals in the UK.
The opening ceremony of the Carlisle Ship Canal. The Bishop rock on Barf by David Gruar. Edward I monument. Skiddaw beacons An easily accessible mountain Skiddaw, with its broad rounded summit, was an important beacon station in years gone by with two beacons to be maintained.
Salvage from the Hougmont Allonby is a coastal village which still retains much of its original character. The broad top of Skiddaw.
Villagers collecting salvage from the Hougmont in The Parting stone and William Wordsworth The inscribed stone which stands just off the path, a short distance east of Grisedale Tarn above Grasmere marks the spot where William bade goodbye to his brother John for the last time.
That instant, startled by the shock, the buzzard mounted from the rock - Deliberate and slow: Lord of the air, he took his flight: Oh! Here we did stop and here look round, While each into his self descends, For that last thought of parting friends - That is not to be found….
Silica Brickworks near Wythop Mill The visitor walking the remote track past Wythop Hall towards Beck Wythop may wonder at the signs of past industrial activity presented by the remains of the old silica brick works. Origins of the quartz cross on the summit plateau of Blencathra There are two crosses of white quartz rock set into the ground on the summit plateau between Blencathra and Atkinson Pike.
By David Ramshaw. The Parting Stone. Long Meg and her daughters. Remains of the Silica Brickworks. Quartz Cross. Skiddaw House. Sign up for our newsletter Enter your email address below to get the latest news and exclusive content from The History Press delivered straight to your inbox.
Sign up. Share this page. By this author. In the Christian religion of the Cumbrians was yet another echo of Rome. But before the victors could take advantage of this, Urien was murdered, assassinated by his jealous ally, King Morcant of Din Eiden an old kingdom centered around present day Edinburgh. But the murder only sowed distrust and disunion, and the Anglo-Saxons were able to come back stronger than ever.
Owain was succeeded by his youngest brother Rhun, who was in turn succeeded by his son Rhoedd, probably the last king of an independent Cumbria. After nearly years, the Celtic kingdom of Cumbria ceased to be.
Kentigern, also known as St. Mungo, the patron Saint of Glasgow. This son was the result of an illicit relationship between Owain and Princess Taniu of Goddodin, a Brythonic kingdom in present day Scotland. The murder of Urien was one of the turning points of British history, though it is largely forgotten today. It is the tragedy of the Celtic kingdoms of the north: because of the treachery leading to his assassination, the confederation he created to fight the Saxon invaders collapsed, insuring the end of all the Brythonic kingdoms and the triumph of the Germanic invaders.
Had they held together and fought on united, the map of modern Britain might have looked quite different, with a much larger Wales extending along the western coast up to the Solway Firth at the Scottish border. However, as things turned out, the story of Rheged is an obscure and forgotten corner of history. The rugged landscape of the North, with its misty mountains and moors traversed by mounted warriors doing battle, is a mythic landscape, and appeals to my love of medieval legends.
Mythic, legendary, heroic — all of these terms accurately describe the stories of Cumbria. Let me explain: from 8th grade through my senior year in high school I read The Lord of the Rings annually. Both societies are tribal kingships based around a culture of horse-riding warriors.
Both have been influenced by a society of greater cultural, military and technological sophistication: for the people of Rheged it was the Empire of the Romans, for Rohan, the Kingdom of Gondor.
The mythic potential of the Cumbrian royal house did not go unnoticed by later writers. The medieval composers of the Arthurian romances incorporated both Urien and Owain into their stories. Some have been adopted as heritage steam railways, some have been converted to foot and cycle paths, others have just faded away. See Railways for more information and history of these lines and railway companies. The largest single owner of land within the Lake District is now the National Trust.
In the Victorian era, many industrialists from Lancashire chose to build grand mansions around lake Windermere, all probably trying to impress and outdo their neighbours. Historically, farming, in particular of sheep , was the major industry in the region.
The breed most closely associated with the area is the tough Herdwick. From February through to September hundreds of farms throughout Cumbria were struck with foot and mouth disease , with millions of animals killed. Since tourism in the area was discouraged and in many areas forbidden, this had a devastating effect on many rural businesses, who depended on visitors for their income. Once fishing was a major industry along the coast of Cumbria, though that is much in decline now with EEC quotas etc.
Even the traditional Haaf Fishing found only in this area, is under threat. Cumbria has had its fair share of military establishments — mainly because of it remoteness from civilisation. During the 2nd world war — the Windscale site — just north of Seascale — was used as a factory for TNT. The first rocket firing took place in August English Heritage has recently identified the remains at Spadeadam as being of national importance and has recommended that they are protected as a Scheduled Monument.
Warcop Army Training Area was established in , as a tank gunnery range, urgently needed to prepare for the coming invasion of mainland Europe. Most of the armoured formations which took part in the D-Day landings trained here.
In the ensuring years, generations of tank crews came to Warcop, and armoured vehicles are still frequently to be seen. This page has been archived and is no longer updated. Find out more about page archiving. Explore the BBC. BBC Homepage England. Contact Us. The County with the Hole in the Middle? Maryport Harbour. Does Cumbria work?
What do Barrow folk have in common with the Eden Valley? And how could a humble mint hold the key to county unity? Virtual flight over the Lakes Virtual flight over Carlisle.
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